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Last edited on December 21, 2024. View history

red cabbage Red Cabbage

Brassica oleracea Capitata group Brassica oleracea capitata
Also known as purple cabbage (en) red kraut (en) blue kraut (en)

A variety of cabbage

How to sow red cabbage: Direct seed indoors (and transplant out after hardening seedlings off) or outdoors

Sun requirement for red cabbage: Plant in Full Sun

Red Cabbage is a type of cabbage with red leaves. Like other cabbage, it prefers cool weather and forms round, dense heads on top of short stalks.

Beautiful garnet color makes this early, delicious cabbage a standout at the table! Produces large, tightly packed hearts with crisp leaves. Size is 1.5 kilo (3 lb).

Seed outdoors as soon as weather and soil conditions permit. Cover seed lightly with soil, 6 – 7 seeds per 30 cm (1 ft) of row. Average garden soil and a sunny location are ideal. Thin to 30 cm (1 ft) apart when 7 cm (3 in) high. For earlier Cabbage start indoors 2 to 3 weeks in advance of intended date for moving the plants to the garden. Germinates best at 21 C (70 F) in 7 to 10 days. Reduce temperature after germination to 15 C (65 F) and provide additional light to help prevent stretching and to tone up plants before transplanting outside. Several sowings of Cabbage 10 days apart ensure a fresh supply into fall. Keep well watered during hot temperatures to avoid bolting.

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Red cabbage facts

Lifespan

Annual living and reproducing in a single year or less
26 weeks median lifespan

Height × spread

40cm × 30cm

Row Spacing

60cm

Growing Degree Days

75
Optimal temperature 15–24 °C
Absolute temperature 7–32 °C
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal rainfall 500–1000 mm/year
Absolute rainfall 300–2500 mm/year
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal soil pH 6–7.5
Absolute soil pH 5–8.3
FAO EcoCrop

Crop cycle

60–200 days
FAO EcoCrop

Max altitude

2000 m
FAO EcoCrop

Optimal light

clear skies
FAO EcoCrop
What are growing degree days?

A plant grows with warmth, not with days. A growing degree day is one day's worth of useful warmth: how many degrees the day's average temperature is above the lowest temperature the crop grows at. Add them up from planting and you know how far along the crop is, whatever the calendar says.

Say that lowest temperature is 10°C. A day averaging 17°C gives 7 growing degree days. A day averaging 8°C gives none, as it is too cold for the crop to grow. That is why the same lettuce takes about 50 days in a summer and 90 in an autumn: it needs the same total warmth either way.

Red cabbage needs about 75 growing degree days.

For red cabbage, the FAO EcoCrop database gives a lowest growing temperature of 7°C and a shortest growing cycle of 60 days at its best temperature, about 750 growing degree days to a first harvest.

Where you've told us where your garden is, we use this and the weather there to predict when your red cabbage will be ready to harvest. We don't use it for how long a plant lives or when it finishes: we go by what members have logged for that.

Growing red cabbages

  1. Sow seeds in trays 5 weeks before planting out
  2. Dig compost into the bed 1 week before planting out
  3. Harden off the seedlings 1 week before planting out
  4. Firm the soil well around the stems at planting out
  5. Net against cabbage white butterflies at planting out
  6. Set or refill beer traps for slugs and snails at planting out every week
  7. Water regularly at planting out every week
  8. Check leaves for caterpillars 2 weeks after planting out every week
  9. Feed with a nitrogen fertiliser 4 weeks after planting out
  10. Cut heads once they feel firm at first harvest
  11. Pull out the stalks 4 weeks after first harvest

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Ecological requirements

Data from the FAO EcoCrop database for Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. [Alef.]

Family / Taxonomy Magnoliopsida
Dilleniidae
Capparales
Cruciferae
Killing temperature growth: -1 °C, rest: -10 °C
Life form herb
Life span biennial
Habit acaulescent (or rosette plants)
Optimal soil depth shallow (20-50 cm)
Optimal soil texture medium, organic
Optimal soil fertility high
Optimal soil drainage well (dry spells)
Optimal soil salinity low (<4 dS/m)
Photoperiod neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours)

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