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Last edited on 3 Feb 2024. View history

water spinach Water Spinach

Also known as river spinach (en) water morning glory (en) water convolvulus (en) Chinese spinach (en) kangkong (en)

A variety of spinach

How to sow water spinach: Direct seed outdoors, thin to 15cm when seedlings are 3cm high

Sun requirement for water spinach: Plant in Full Sun

Ipomoea aquatica is a semi-aquatic, tropical plant grown as a vegetable for its tender shoots and it is not known where it originated.

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Water spinach facts

Lifespan

Annual living and reproducing in a single year or less
Optimal temperature 15–35 °C
Absolute temperature 10–40 °C
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal rainfall 2000–2500 mm/year
Absolute rainfall 700–4200 mm/year
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal soil pH 5–7
Absolute soil pH 4.3–7.5
FAO EcoCrop

Crop cycle

30–70 days
FAO EcoCrop

Optimal light

very bright
FAO EcoCrop
What are growing degree days?

A plant grows with warmth, not with days. A growing degree day is one day's worth of useful warmth: how many degrees the day's average temperature is above the lowest temperature the crop grows at. Add them up from planting and you know how far along the crop is, whatever the calendar says.

Say that lowest temperature is 10°C. A day averaging 17°C gives 7 growing degree days. A day averaging 8°C gives none, as it is too cold for the crop to grow. That is why the same lettuce takes about 50 days in a summer and 90 in an autumn: it needs the same total warmth either way.

For water spinach, the FAO EcoCrop database gives a lowest growing temperature of 10°C and a shortest growing cycle of 30 days at its best temperature, about 450 growing degree days to a first harvest.

Where you've told us where your garden is, we use this and the weather there to predict when your water spinach will be ready to harvest. We don't use it for how long a plant lives or when it finishes: we go by what members have logged for that.

Growing water spinach

  1. Dig compost into the bed 1 week before sowing
  2. Water regularly at sowing every week
  3. Thin the seedlings 2 weeks after sowing
  4. Weed between the rows 3 weeks after sowing every 2 weeks
  5. Sow another batch 3 weeks after sowing every month
  6. Pick the outer leaves at first harvest every week
  7. Pull out plants that have bolted 6 weeks after first harvest

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Ecological requirements

Data from the FAO EcoCrop database for Ipomoea aquatica Forskal

Family / Taxonomy Magnoliopsida
Asteridae
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Life form herb, vine
Life span perennial
Habit climber/scrambler/scadent
Optimal soil depth shallow (20-50 cm)
Optimal soil texture heavy, organic
Optimal soil fertility high
Optimal soil drainage poorly (saturated >50% of year)
Optimal soil salinity low (<4 dS/m)
Photoperiod short day (<12 hours)

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