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Last edited on November 02, 2026. View history

Ngāpuhi Gourd

Lagenaria siceraria
Also known as ruka (EN)

A variety of gourd

A traditional Māori gourd, also called ruka, from the Ruka whānau of Northland. Round and bowl-shaped with a neck, it has been used around the Pacific for carrying water and storing food, and is still used for bowls and containers. It needs a long growing season, and shell thickness is being re-selected.

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Ngāpuhi gourd facts

Lifespan

Annual living and reproducing in a single year or less
Optimal temperature 19–27 °C
Absolute temperature 12–38 °C
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal rainfall 1200–1800 mm/year
Absolute rainfall 700–2800 mm/year
FAO EcoCrop
Optimal soil pH 5.5–7
Absolute soil pH 4.5–7.5
FAO EcoCrop

Crop cycle

60–120 days
FAO EcoCrop

Max altitude

2700 m
FAO EcoCrop

Optimal light

clear skies to very bright
FAO EcoCrop
What are growing degree days?

A plant grows with warmth, not with days. A growing degree day is one day's worth of useful warmth: how many degrees the day's average temperature is above the lowest temperature the crop grows at. Add them up from planting and you know how far along the crop is, whatever the calendar says.

Say that lowest temperature is 10°C. A day averaging 17°C gives 7 growing degree days. A day averaging 8°C gives none, as it is too cold for the crop to grow. That is why the same lettuce takes about 50 days in a summer and 90 in an autumn: it needs the same total warmth either way.

For Ngāpuhi gourd, the FAO EcoCrop database gives a lowest growing temperature of 12°C and a shortest growing cycle of 60 days at its best temperature, about 660 growing degree days to a first harvest.

Where you've told us where your garden is, we use this and the weather there to predict when your Ngāpuhi gourd will be ready to harvest. We don't use it for how long a plant lives or when it finishes: we go by what members have logged for that.

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Ecological requirements

Data from the FAO EcoCrop database for Lagenaria siceraria (Molina)Standley

Family / Taxonomy Magnoliopsida
Dilleniidae
Violales
Cucurbitaceae
Life form herb, vine
Life span annual
Habit climber/scrambler/scadent
Optimal soil depth medium (50-150 cm)
Optimal soil texture medium, light
Optimal soil fertility high
Optimal soil drainage well (dry spells)
Optimal soil salinity low (<4 dS/m)
Photoperiod short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours)

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